Fluid separation assembly

ABSTRACT

A fluid separation assembly ( 10 ) having a fluid permeable membrane ( 38  and 62) and a wire mesh membrane ( 18  and  28 ) adjacent the fluid permeable membrane ( 38  and  62 ), wherein the wire mesh membrane ( 18  and  28 ) supports the fluid permeable membrane ( 38  and  62 ) and is coated with an intermetallic diffusion barrier. The barrier may be a thin film containing at least one of a nitride, oxide, boride, silicide, carbide and aluminide. Several fluid separation assemblies ( 10 ) can be used in a module ( 85 ) to separate hydrogen from a gas mixture containing hydrogen.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] Not Applicable.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT

[0002] Not Applicable.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0003] 1. Field of the Invention

[0004] The present invention relates to apparatuses and methods forseparation of a desired fluid from a fluid mixture. More particularly,the present invention is generally directed to a fluid separationassembly having a membrane permeable to a desired fluid and a wire meshmembrane support that supports the permeable membrane and has a barrierthat prevents intermetalic diffusion bonding.

[0005] 2. Description of the Invention Background

[0006] Generally, when separating a gas from a mixture of gases bydiffusion, the gas mixture is typically brought into contact with anonporous membrane which is selectively permeable to the gas that isdesired to be separated from the gas mixture. The desired gas diffusesthrough the permeable membrane and is separated from the other gasmixture. A pressure differential between opposite sides of the permeablemembrane is usually created such that the diffusion process proceedsmore effectively, wherein a higher partial pressure of the gas to beseparated is maintained on the gas mixture side of the permeablemembrane. It is also desireable for the gas mixture and the selectivelypermeable membrane to be maintained at elevated temperatures tofacilitate the separation of the desired gas from the gas mixture. Thistype of process can be used to separate hydrogen from a gas mixturecontaining hydrogen. Thus, in this application, the permeable membraneis permeable to hydrogen and is commonly constructed from palladium or apalladium alloy. The exposure to high temperatures and mechanicalstresses created by the pressure differential dictates that thepermeable membrane be supported in such a way that does not obstructpassage of the desired gas through the membrane.

[0007] One type of conventional apparatus used for the separation ofhydrogen from a gas mixture employs a woven refractory-type cloth forsupporting the permeable membrane during the separation process. Thedisadvantage of this type of conventional membrane support is that thecloth support is susceptible to failure when it is exposed to highmechanical stresses associated with the differential pressure requiredto effect diffusion through the membrane material.

[0008] Another conventional permeable membrane support is a metal gauzestructure placed adjacent to the permeable membrane. The disadvantage ofthis type of support is that intermetallic diffusion bonding occursbetween the membrane support and the permeable membrane when they areexposed to high pressures and high temperatures. The high pressure tendsto compress the permeable membrane and the metal gauze together and thehigh temperatures tend to deteriorate the chemical bonds of thosematerials. Such undesirable condition results in migration of themolecules of the permeable membrane to the metal gauze membrane and themigration of molecules of the metal gauze membrane to the permeablemembrane until a bond is formed between those two structures. Thisintermetallic diffusion bonding results in a composite material that isno longer permeable by the hydrogen gas.

[0009] Thus, the need exists for a method and apparatus for separating adesired fluid from a fluid mixture that can reliably withstand highoperating pressures and temperatures.

[0010] Another need exists for a permeable membrane and supportarrangement for separating a desired fluid from a fluid mixture, whereinthe permeable membrane is not susceptible to breakage or intermetallicdiffusion bonding.

[0011] Yet another need exists for a method of supporting a membranethat is permeable to a fluid, wherein the fluid permeable membrane isexposed to high temperatures and high pressures.

SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

[0012] The present invention provides a fluid separation assembly havinga fluid permeable membrane and a wire mesh membrane support adjacent thefluid permeable membrane, wherein the wire mesh membrane support has anintermetallic diffusion bonding barrier.

[0013] The present invention further provides a method for separating adesired fluid from a fluid mixture comprising a membrane that ispermeable by the desired fluid, providing a wire mesh membrane supportwith a intermetallic diffusion bonding barrier, wherein the wire meshmembrane support is adjacent to the fluid permeable membrane, contactingthe fluid permeable membrane support with the fluid mixture andcontacting the wire mesh membrane support with the desired fluidpermeating the fluid permeable membrane.

[0014] The present invention further provides for a method of making afluid separation assembly comprising providing a membrane permeable to adesired fluid, providing a first retainer, providing a wire meshmembrane support having an intermetallic diffusion bonding barrier andplacing it adjacent the fluid permeable membrane, providing a permeatemember adjacent the wire mesh membrane support, providing a gasketadjacent the fluid permeable membrane, providing a second retaineradjacent the wire mesh membrane support and joining the first retainer,the gasket and the second retainer at their peripheries.

[0015] The present invention provides for a method for supporting afluid permeable membrane comprising providing a membrane that ispermeable by a desired fluid, and providing a wire mesh membrane supportwith an intermetallic diffusion bonding barrier, wherein the wire meshmembrane support is adjacent and supports the fluid permeable membrane.

[0016] Other details, objects and advantages of the present inventionwill become more apparent with the following description of the presentinvention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] For the present invention to be readily understood and practiced,preferred embodiments will be described in conjunction with thefollowing figures wherein:

[0018]FIG. 1 is a top isometric view of a fluid separation assembly ofthe present invention;

[0019]FIG. 2 is an exploded isometric view of the fluid separationassembly of the present invention shown in FIG. 1;

[0020]FIG. 3 is an exploded isometric view of the female permeablemembrane subassembly of the present invention shown in FIG. 1;

[0021]FIG. 4 is an exploded isometric view of the male permeablemembrane subassembly of the present invention shown in FIG. 1;

[0022]FIG. 5 is a sectional isometric view of the fluid separationassembly of the present invention;

[0023]FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of section A of the fluid separationassembly shown in FIG. 5;

[0024]FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the fluid separation assemblyof the present invention shown in FIG. 1 taken along line 7-7;

[0025]FIG. 8 is an isometric sectional diagrammatical view of a moduleemploying several fluid separation assemblies of the present invention;and

[0026]FIG. 9 is an enlarged section B of the module shown in FIG. 8.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0027] The present invention will be described below in terms ofapparatuses and methods for separation of hydrogen from a mixture ofgases. It should be noted that describing the present invention in termsof a hydrogen separation assembly is for illustrative purposes and theadvantages of the present invention may be realized using otherstructures and technologies that have a need for such apparatuses andmethods for separation of a desired fluid from a fluid mixturecontaining the desired fluid.

[0028] It is to be further understood that the Figures and descriptionsof the present invention have been simplified to illustrate elementsthat are relevant for a clear understanding of the present invention,while eliminating, for purposes of clarity, other elements and/ordescriptions thereof found in a hydrogen separation assembly. Those ofordinary skill in the art will recognize that other elements may bedesirable in order to implement the present invention. However, becausesuch elements are well known in the art, and because they do notfacilitate a better understanding of the present invention, a discussionof such elements is not provided herein.

[0029]FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate one embodiment of the fluid separationassembly 10 of the present invention, wherein FIG. 2 is an exploded viewof the fluid separation assembly 10 shown in FIG. 1. The fluidseparation assembly 10 comprises first membrane retainers 12, a femalemembrane subassembly 14, a first membrane gasket 16, a first wire meshmembrane support 18, second membrane retainers 20, a slotted permeateplate 22, a permeate rim 24, a second wire mesh membrane support 28, asecond membrane gasket 30 and a male membrane subassembly 32. In oneembodiment, the first retainers 12 may be substantially flat ringmembers having an outside diameter equal to the diameter of the femaleand male membrane subassemblies 14 and 32 and a thickness of betweenapproximately 0.001 inches and 0.060 inches. The first membraneretainers 12 each have a centrally disposed opening 13 and 35. The firstmembrane retainers 12 may be made from Monel 400 (UNS N 04400); however,other materials that are compatible with the welding process, discussedbelow, may also be used. It will also be appreciated that while firstretainers 12 are shown as comprising substantially annular members theymay have other desired shapes and other thicknesses without departingfrom the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0030]FIG. 3 is an exploded view of a female permeable membranesubassembly 14. In this embodiment, female membrane subassembly 14,comprises a female gasket seat 36, a hydrogen permeable membrane 38, aninner diameter membrane gasket 40 and a center support washer 42. Inthis embodiment, the female gasket seat 36 is a substantially flat ringmember 44 having a raised face 46 extending around the ring member 44and a centrally disposed opening 45. It will be appreciated that whilethis embodiment is shown with gasket seats with this configuration,there may be other geometries of gasket seats specific to other gasketconfigurations or materials that may be used without departing from thespirit and the scope of the present invention. The female gasket seat 36may be made from Monel 400; however, other materials such as nickel,copper, nickel alloys, copper alloys, or other alloys that provide forcompatible fusion with the chosen permeable membrane material duringwelding may be used. In this embodiment, the hydrogen permeable membrane38 is a substantially planar member having a circular configuration,opposing sides 48 and a centrally disposed circular opening 50. Theinner diameter membrane gasket 40 is also a flat ring member having acentrally disposed opening 51. Also in this embodiment, the innerdiameter membrane gasket 40 may be made from Monel 400 (UNS N 04400);however, other materials such as nickel, copper, nickel alloys, copperalloys, or other alloys that provide for compatible fusion with thechosen permeable membrane material during welding may be used. Thecenter support washer 42 is a flat ring member having a centrallydisposed opening 53. The center support washer 42 may be made of Monel400 (UNS N 04400); however, other materials such as nickel, copper,nickel alloys, copper alloys, or other alloys that provide forcompatible fusion with the chosen permeable membrane material or alloyduring welding may be used.

[0031] Referring back to FIG. 2, in this embodiment, the first andsecond membrane gaskets 16 and 30 are each a substantially flat ringmember having a centrally-disposed opening 55 and 57, respectively. Inthis embodiment, the first and second membrane gaskets 16 and 30 may bemade from Monel 400 alloy (UNS N 004400), nickel, copper, nickel alloys,copper alloys or other precious alloys or other alloys compatible withthe weld that is used to join the components of the fluid separationassembly 10 and which is discussed below. The first and second membranegaskets 16 and 30 may have a thickness of between approximately 0.0005inches to 0.005 inches. However, other gasket thicknesses could beemployed.

[0032] Also in this embodiment, the first and second wire mesh membranesupports 18 and 28 are planar, ring-shaped members having centrallydisposed openings 52 and 54, respectively. The wire mesh membranesupports 18 and 28 may be made from 316 L stainless steel alloy with amesh count of between approximately 19 to 1,000 mesh per inch, whereinthe mesh count is chosen to be adequate to support the hydrogenpermeable membranes 38 and 62. The style of woven mesh may include astandard plain square weave, twill square weave, rectangular plain ortwill weave or triangular plain or twill weave. One example of a meshcount that may be used is 49 mesh per inch. The wire mesh membranesupports 18 and 28 may be made of steel alloys, stainless steel alloys,nickel alloys or copper alloys. The wire mesh may be coated with a thinfilm that prevents intermetallic diffusion bonding (i.e., anintermetallic diffusion bonding barrier). The intermetallic diffusionbonding barrier may be a thin film containing at least one of an oxide,a nitride, a boride, a silicide, a carbide, or an aluminide and may beapplied using a number of conventional methods, including but notlimited to, physical vapor deposition (PVD), chemical vapor disposition,and plasma enhanced vapor deposition. For example, the method ofreactive sputtering, a form of PVD, can be used to apply a thin oxidefilm of between approximately 600-700 angstroms to the wire meshmembrane supports 18 and 28. A variety of oxides, nitrides, borides,silicides, carbides and aluminides may also be used for the thin film aswell as any thin films that will be apparent to those of ordinary skillin the art. Using this form of PVD results in a dense amorphous thinfilm having approximately the same mechanical strength as the bulk thinfilm material.

[0033] Also in this embodiment, the second membrane retainers 20 eachare a substantially flat ring member. One retainer 20 has a centrallydisposed opening 59 and retainer 20 has a centrally disposed opening 61.See FIG. 2. These retainers 20 may be the same thickness as the firstand second wire mesh membrane supports 18 and 28. The second membraneretainers 20 may be made from a material that is compatible with theweld, discussed below, such as Monel 400 (UNS N 004400) and nickel,copper, nickel alloys, copper alloys, precious metals or alloys, orother alloys that provide for compatible fusion with the chosen membranematerial or alloy during welding may be used.

[0034] In this embodiment, the slotted permeate plate 22 is a steelplate having a plurality of slots 56 extending radially and outwardlyfrom a central opening 58 in the direction of the periphery of theslotted permeate plate 22. The number of slots 56 in a slotted permeateplate 22 may range from approximately 10 to 72. However, other suitableslot densities could conceivably be employed. The permeate plate rim 24is a substantially flat ring member having a centrally disposed opening63 and an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the slottedpermeate plate 22. The permeate plate rim 24 is made from Monel 400 (UNSN 04400); however, other materials can also be used such as nickel,copper, nickel alloys, copper alloys, precious metals or alloys or otheralloys that provide for compatible fusion with the chosen membranematerial or alloy during welding.

[0035]FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the male permeable membranesubassembly 32. The male membrane subassembly 32 comprises a male gasketseat 60, a hydrogen permeable membrane 62, an inner diameter membranegasket 64, and a center support washer 66. The hydrogen permeablemembranes 38 and 62 may be made from at least one hydrogen permeablemetal or an alloy containing at least one hydrogen permeable metal,preferably selected from the transition metals of groups VIIB or VIB ofthe Periodic Table. The hydrogen permeable membrane 62, the innerdiameter membrane gasket 64, and the center support washer 66 aresimilar in structure to the hydrogen permeable membrane 38, the innerdiameter membrane gasket 40 and the center support washer 42,respectively, discussed above. The male gasket seat 60 is asubstantially planar ring member 68 having a circular protuberance 70extending around a centrally disposed opening 72. In this embodiment,the female gasket seat 36 and the male gasket seat 60 are made of a highstrength alloy material that is compatible with the weld such as Monel400. The inner diameter member gaskets 40 and 64 are made from the samematerials as the first and second outer diameter membrane gaskets 16 and30, discussed above.

[0036]FIGS. 5 through 7 are various cross-sectional views of theassembled fluid separation assembly 10 of the present invention, whereinFIG. 6 is an enlarged view of section A of the fluid separation assembly10 shown in FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional plan view of theassembled fluid separation assembly 10. When assembling the componentsof the fluid separation assembly 10 shown in FIGS. 24, the femalemembrane subassembly 14 and the male membrane subassembly 32 areinitially assembled. The female gasket seat 36, the permeable membrane38, the inner diameter membrane gasket 40 and the center support washer42 are placed adjacent one another, as shown in FIG. 7, such that theircentral disposed openings 45, 50, 51 and 53, respectively, are coaxiallyaligned. A first weld 71, shown in FIG. 7, is placed at the openingsthereof. The first weld 71 takes the form of a weld bead creating ahermetic seal between the female gasket seat 36, the permeable membrane38, the inner diameter membrane gasket 40 and the center support washer42. The weld 71 can be effected by a number of commercially availabletechnologies, including but not limited to, lasers, electron beam andtungsten inert gas (TIG) welding. Alternative joining technologies suchas brazing or soldering may also be employed with the desired resultbeing a gas tight bond between the gasket seat 36 and the permeablemembrane 38. Likewise, the components of the male membrane subassembly32, which include the male gasket seat 60, the permeable membrane 62,the inner diameter membrane gasket 66 and the center support washer 66are also placed adjacent one another, as shown in FIG. 7, such thattheir centrally disposed openings 72, 81, 83 and 85 are coaxidly alignedwith each other and a second weld bead 73, shown in FIG. 7, is placedaround the circumference of the openings 72, 81, 83 and 85 thereof Asstated above, the weld 73 can be effected by a number of commerciallyavailable technologies, including but not limited to, laser, electronbeam, and tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding.

[0037] After the components of the female membrane subassembly 14 andthe components of the male membrane subassembly 32 have each beenconnected by the welds 71 and 73, respectively, they are assembled withthe other components described above to form the fluid separationassembly 10. As shown in FIG. 2, the first and second retainer members12 and 20, the female and male membrane subassemblies 14 and 32, thefirst and second outer diameter gaskets 16 and 30, the first and secondwire mesh membrane supports 18 and 28, the slotted permeate plate 22 andthe permeate rim 24 are aligned such that their centrally disposedopenings are coaxially aligned. As shown in FIG. 7, these components areretained in that configuration by placing a weld 74 at the outerperiphery of the first and second retainer members 12 and 20, the femaleand male membrane subassemblies 14 and 32, the first and second outerdiameter membrane gaskets 16 and 30, and the slotted permeate rim 24.Alternatively, these parts could be assembled such that their centrallydisposed openings are coaxially aligned, as shown in FIG. 7, andconnected to one another by performing a brazing or soldering operationat the outer periphery of the first and second retainer members 12 and20, the female and male membrane subassemblies 14 and 32, the first andsecond outer diameter membrane gaskets 16 and 30 and the slottedpermeate rim 24. As seen in FIG. 6, a space 75 is provided between theslotted permeate plate 22 and the permeate rim 24 which permitsexpansion and contraction of the components of the fluid separationassembly 10 resulting from the change in temperature. Assembled, thefluid separation assembly 10 may have a thickness ranging from 0.010inches to 0.125 inches, depending upon the thicknesses of the componentsemployed.

[0038] When separating the hydrogen from a mixture of gas that includeshydrogen, the gas mixture is directed towards the permeable membranes 38and 62 of the female membrane subassembly 14 and the male membranesubassembly 32, respectively, in the directions D and E, as shown inFIG. 7. For clarity, the permeable membranes 38 and 64 of the female andmale membrane subassemblies 14 and 32, respectively are shown in FIG. 7as being spaced from the first and second wire mesh membrane supports 18and 28; however, in use, the permeable membranes 38 and 62 are incontact with the first and second wire mesh membrane supports 18 and 28and are supported thereby. When the gas mixture containing hydrogencontacts the hydrogen permeable membranes 38 and 62, the hydrogenpermeates through the permeable membranes 38 and 62, passes through thefirst and second wire mesh membrane supports 18 and 28 and enters theslotted permeate plate 22 where the hydrogen enters a specific slot 56and to be directed toward the central axis C by the passageways formedby the slots 56. The central openings of the components of the fluidseparation assembly 10, shown in FIG. 2, form a conduit 80 wherein thepurified hydrogen is collected and transported to a desired location.The conduit 80 may have a diameter of between approximately 0.25 inchesand 1 inch. The diameter is determined by the components of the fluidseparation assembly 10 and by the desire that the hydrogen flow besubstantially unimpeded. The non-hydrogen gases in the gas mixture areprevented from entering the fluid separation assembly 10 by the fluidpermeable membranes 38 and 62. The remainder of the hydrogen depletedgas mixture is directed around the exterior of the fluid separationassembly 10 in this embodiment.

[0039]FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate a module 85 employing several fluidseparation assemblies 10 of the present invention, wherein FIG. 9 is anenlarged section B of the module 85. Each of the fluid separationassemblies 10 are shown as a solid body for clarity. However, each ofthe fluid separation assemblies 10 are the same as the fluid separationassemblies 10 shown in FIGS. 1-7. The module 85 has a feed gas inlet 91,a permeate outlet 90 and a discharge gas outlet 93. The fluid separationassemblies 10 are coaxially aligned. Distribution plates 87 aresandwiched between and separate the fluid separation assemblies 10. Thedistribution plates 87 are positioned on a shoulder of the gasket seats36 in such a manner that they are positioned equidistant from the planarsurface of the permeable membrane assemblies 14 and 32 in successivefluid separation assemblies 10. The distribution plates 87 are notfixedly connected to the gasket seats 36 and 60, but rather rest on ashoulder of the gasket seat 36. There is sufficient clearance betweenthe central opening of the redistribution plate 87 and the shoulder onthe female gasket seat 36 that the redistribution plates 87 and thefluid separation assemblies 10 are allowed to position themselves insidethe wall of the membrane housing independently of the position of thefluid separation assemblies 10. Each distribution plate 87 has openings89 therein. The fluid separation assemblies 10 are aligned one with theother such that each of the conduits 80 of the fluid separationassemblies 10 form a larger conduit 90. The path of the gas mixturecontaining hydrogen, represented by arrow G, enters the opening 89 andtravels along the outer surface of the fluid separation assembly 10,wherein some of the hydrogen of the gas mixture is free to enter thefluid separation assembly 10 by the permeable membranes 38 and 62 and isdirected along path F into the larger conduit 90 and the remaining gasmixture follows arrow G and serpentines through the passageway, formedby the distribution plates 87, the fluid separation assemblies 10 andthe interior wall 92 of the module 85. As the gas mixture travelsthrough the passageway, it contacts the outer surfaces of several otherfluid separation assemblies 10, wherein more of the hydrogen remainingin the gas mixture permeates the permeable membrane 38 and 62 andfollows the path F resulting in this purified hydrogen entering thelarger conduit 90. The remainder of the hydrogen depleted gas mixtureexits through a port 93 located at the opposite end of the module 85after flowing over the entire stack of fluid separation membraneassemblies 10.

[0040] Although the present invention has been described in conjunctionwith the above described embodiments thereof, it is expected that manymodifications and variations will be developed. This disclosure and thefollowing claims are intended to cover all such modifications andvariations.

What is claimed is:
 1. A fluid separation assembly, comprising: a fluid permeable membrane; and a wire mesh membrane adjacent said fluid permeable membrane, said wire mesh membrane having an intermetallic diffusion barrier.
 2. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 1, wherein said barrier is a thin film containing at least one of one of the group consisting of nitrides, oxides, borides, silicides, carbides and aluminides.
 3. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 2, wherein said barrier is a thin film containing one of an oxide and a nitride.
 4. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 1, wherein said wire mesh membrane is in contact with said fluid permeable membrane.
 5. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 1, wherein said fluid permeable membrane is a substantially planar member having a centrally disposed opening.
 6. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 5, wherein said wire mesh membrane is a substantially planar membrane having a centrally disposed opening which is in alignment with said fluid permeable membrane opening.
 7. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 6, wherein said wire mesh membrane has a mesh count ranging between approximately 19 to 1000 mesh per inch.
 8. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 6, further comprising a slotted permeate plate adjacent to said wire mesh membrane.
 9. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 8, further comprising a second fluid permeable membrane and a second wire mesh membrane, wherein said slotted permeate plate has a first side and a second side and said first permeable membrane is adjacent said first side of said slotted permeate plate and said first wire mesh membrane is adjacent said first permeable membrane, and wherein said second wire mesh membrane is adjacent said slotted permeate plate second side and said second fluid permeable membrane is adjacent said second wire mesh membrane.
 10. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 9, wherein said slotted permeate plate, said second wire mesh membrane and said second fluid permeable membrane each also have a centrally disposed opening and each of said centrally disposed openings are coaxially aligned and form a central conduit.
 11. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 1, wherein said wire mesh membrane is made from stainless steel.
 12. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 9, wherein each of said fluid permeable membranes further comprises a gasket seat, a membrane gasket, and a washer to form a first and second membrane subassembly, wherein said gasket seats, said membrane gaskets and said washers are connected to said fluid permeable membranes.
 13. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 12, further comprising a weld bead connected to each of said first and second membrane subassemblies.
 14. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 13, further comprising first retainers, one of said first retainers connected to each of said fluid permeable membranes.
 15. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 13, further comprising second retainers adjacent said slotted permeate plate.
 16. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 13, further comprising first retainers, one of said second retainers adjacent each of said fluid permeable membranes.
 17. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 13, further comprising gaskets, one of said gaskets adjacent each of said wire mesh membranes.
 18. A fluid separation assembly, comprising: a slotted permeate having opposing faces; first and second wire mesh membranes, each of said wire mesh membranes having a first surface and a second surface, wherein each of said wire mesh membranes first surfaces are adjacent said slotted permeate; first and second membranes permeable to a desired fluid, each of said permeable membranes adjacent one of said wire mesh membranes second surfaces; a permeate rim surrounding said slotted permeate; first retainers adjacent each of said permeable membranes; second retainers adjacent said slotted permeate and said wire mesh membranes; and gaskets between each of said wire mesh membranes and said permeable membranes, wherein said permeate rim, said first retainers, said second retainers said permeable membranes and said gaskets are joined together at their peripheries.
 19. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 18, wherein said permeate rim, said first retainers, said second retainers, said permeable membranes and said gaskets are jointed together by a weld bead at their peripheries.
 20. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 18, further comprising a female gasket seat, a membrane gasket and a washer, wherein said female gasket seat, said membrane gasket and said washer are connected to one of said permeable membranes and comprise a female membrane subassembly.
 21. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 20, further comprising a male gasket seat, a second membrane gasket, and a second washer, wherein said male gasket seat, said second membrane gasket and said second washer are connected to the other of said fluid permeable membranes and comprises a male membrane subassembly.
 22. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 21, wherein each of said gasket seats, said membrane gaskets, said washers and said permeable membranes have a centrally disposed opening and said openings are coaxially aligned and first and second weld beads connect the components of each subassembly.
 23. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 18, wherein each of said two wire mesh membranes have an intermetallic diffusion bonding barrier.
 24. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 23, wherein said intermetallic diffusion bonding barrier is a thin film containing at least one of the group consisting of oxides, nitrides, borides, silicides, carbides and aliminides.
 25. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 18, wherein said first retainers, said second retainers, said gaskets, said permeate rim and said two membranes are connected at their peripheries.
 26. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 25, wherein a weld bead is located at said peripheries of each of said first retainers, said second retainers, said gaskets, said permeate rim and said two membranes.
 27. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 18, wherein each of said two wire mesh membranes are stainless steel.
 28. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 18, wherein each of said two wire mesh membranes have mesh counts ranging from approximately 19 to 1000 mesh per inch.
 29. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 28, wherein each of said two wire mesh membranes have mesh counts ranging from 49 to 1000 mesh per inch.
 30. The fluid separation assembly according to claim 26, wherein each of said permeable membranes and said slotted permeate have a centrally disposed opening that form a conduit.
 31. A fluid separation module, comprising: a plurality of fluid separation assemblies, wherein each of said fluid separation assemblies comprises: a slotted permeate having opposing faces; first and second wire mesh membranes, each of said wire mesh membranes having a first surface and a second surface, wherein each of said wire mesh membranes first surfaces is adjacent said slotted permeate; first and second membranes permeable to a desired fluid, each of said permeable membranes adjacent one of said wire mesh membranes second surfaces; a permeate rim surrounding said slotted permeate; first retainers adjacent each of said permeable membranes; second retainers between said slotted permeate and each of said wire mesh membranes; and gaskets between each of said wire mesh membranes and permeable membranes, wherein said permeate rim, said first retainers, said second retainers and said gaskets are joined together at their peripheries.
 32. A method for separating a desired fluid from a fluid mixture, comprising: providing a membrane that is permeable by the desired fluid and having opposing surfaces; providing a wire mesh membrane with an intermetallic diffusion bonding barrier, wherein the wire mesh membrane is adjacent to one of the opposing surfaces of the fluid permeable membrane; contacting the fluid permeable membrane with the fluid mixture; and contacting the wire mesh membrane with the desired fluid permeating the fluid permeable membrane.
 33. The method according to claim 32, further comprising: forming the barrier from a thin film containing at least one of the group consisting of oxides, nitrides, borides, suicides, carbides and aluminides.
 34. The method according to claim 33, further comprising: forming the wire mesh membrane from a stainless steel screen having a mesh count ranging from approximately 19 to 1000 counts per inch.
 35. A method of making a fluid separation assembly, comprising: providing a membrane permeable to a desired fluid and having opposing surfaces; providing a first retainer adjacent to one of the opposing surfaces of the fluid permeable membrane; providing a wire mesh membrane having an intermetallic diffusion bonding barrier and adjacent to the other one of the opposing surfaces of the fluid permeable membrane; providing a permeate member adjacent the wire mesh membrane; providing a gasket between the fluid permeable membrane and the wire mesh membrane, wherein the periphery of the gasket extends beyond the periphery of the wire mesh membrane; providing a second retainer between the gasket and the permeate plate; and hermetically sealing the first retainer, the gasket and the second retainer at their peripheries.
 36. The method according to claim 35, further comprising: forming the barrier from a thin film containing at least one of the group consisting of oxides, borides, suicides, aluminides and nitrides.
 37. The method according to claim 35, further comprising: forming the wire mesh membrane from a stainless steel screen with a mesh count ranging from 19 to 1000 mesh per inch.
 38. A method for supporting a fluid permeable membrane, comprising: providing a membrane that is permeable by a desired fluid and having opposing surfaces; and providing a wire mesh membrane with an intermetallic diffusion bonding barrier, wherein the wire mesh membrane is adjacent to one of the opposing surfaces of the fluid permeable membrane. 